Interferometric phase-intensity nanoscopy

We present a novel approach, interferometric phase intensity nanoscopy, to clearly define nanometer-scale objects situated closely together, going beyond the traditional diffraction limits. Our approach capitalizes on the strengths of interferometric scattering, which we've found remarkably effective for detecting entities as minute as individual nanoparticles and proteins. We integrated multiphase analysis with enhanced sensitivity to reveal elliptical Airy patterns that directly correlate with the nanostructures we observe. A key aspect of our methodology is the use of circular polarized illumination, which is essential for differentiating nanometer-scale objects that are closely spaced and below the diffraction limit. This technique opens up new possibilities for prolonged observation of nanoscale dynamics in biology, biomedicine, and bioengineering.