ASO Author Reflections: Adjuvant Chemoradiation in Resected Biliary Cancers—Insights and Implications

PASTAdjuvant chemoradiation (CRT) is an option within the standard of care for patients with extrahepatic biliary cancer, including gallbladder cancer after resection.However, strong evidence supporting its use remains limited, with the most notable support coming from the SWOG S0809 trial, a single-arm study of 79 patients demonstrating improved overall survival using gemcitabine/capecitabine followed by capecitabine CRT compared with historical survival rates. 1 Adequately powered randomized clinical trials in these populations are a significant challenge due to the relative rarity of these histologies, often requiring the combining of disease sites, which creates trial heterogeneity, making comparative interpretation of evidence more difficult.