Packaging technologies of integrated photonics

Photonic quantum technology is based on photonic packages that combine active semiconductors generating single frequency radiation and photodetectors with Photonic Integrated Circuits (PIC) for routing the photons and active components for modulating the photons. Typically, tens of individual single mode channels must be precisely controlled for constant optical path length and sensitive, high frequency feedback loops are deployed. Integrated photonic packages must be designed for properly managing the temperature distribution between passive and active optical elements as well as proper heat dissipation. The routing of electrical DC and RF drive current as well as sensitive RF sense currents must be laid out for minimal interference. Consistent high optical coupling efficiency and very low losses of all optical channels is vital for performance.