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Abstract This study employed a digital image correlation method (DICM) to experimentally quantify horizontal strain distribution in silicone rubber bulk during friction against a stainless-steel sphere with/without glycerol. The strain distribution at different depth levels was measured by capturing the position of white powders in transparent rubber bulk. The experimental results indicated that each point in the rubber bulk moved while describing a horizontal loop during friction depending on the position and lubrication conditions. This caused changes in the horizontal strain during friction. These results suggest that the hysteresis term could be caused by changes in the vertical and horizontal strains.
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Nishi et al. (2024) studied this question.
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