Italian Ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) Control in Durum Wheat (Triticum Durum L.) As Affected by Herbicide Application Timing and the Addition of Mineral Oil

Two field experiments were carried out at a farm in a newly reclaimed soil, El-Minia Governorate, Egypt during two successive winter seasons of 2018/2019 and 2019/2020 to investigate the impact of twelve weed control treatments, (Pallas at 160 cm3/fad., Pallas at 160 cm3/fad. +1 L mineral oil, Atlantis at 400 cm3/fad., Atlantis at 400 cm3/fad. +1L mineral oil, Acqopic super at 100 cm3/fad., Acqopic super at 100 cm3/fad. +1L mineral oil, Axial at 500 cm3/fad., Axial at 500 cm3/fad. +1L mineral oil, Traxos at 500 cm3/fad., Traxos at 500 cm3/fad. +1L mineral oil, hand weeding twice and unweeded (check) with three Application timings (2, 4 and 6 leaves stage of wheat) on controlling Italian ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), yield and its components of durum wheat (Triticum durum L.) cv BeniSwaif 5. The findings results indicated that early application timings at 2 leaves stage surpassed the other application timing 4 and 6 leaves stage in the two seasons in decreasing Italian ryegrass and increasing spike no./m2, grains no./spike, 1000-grain weight (g), straw and grain yields in both seasons. Pallas at 160 cm3 /fed tank mixed with 1 L Mineral Oil recorded the best Italian ryegrass control % in both growing seasons, applied at 2 leaves stage reduced the dry weight of main predominant Italian ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) and increased wheat yield and its components. Italian ryegrass dry weight and plant height correlated high significantly negative with no. spike/m2, no. grains/spike, 1000-grain weight, straw and grain yields in both cropping seasons. Grain yield ardab/ fed. highly significant correlated with its components namely no. spike/m2, no. grains/spike, 1000-grain weight and straw yield in the two growing seasons.