Integrating stakeholders’ opinion in land management to build climate resilience in the context of fire risk

The Mediterranean region, already a climate change hotspot, is experiencing milder winters, hotter and drier summers, and increased extreme weather events, leading to longer fire seasons and increasing fire impacts. The socio-economic consequences of wildfires are significant, including the loss of human lives, infrastructure, and economic activity. Additionally, wildfires contribute significantly to climate change, accounting for up to 20% of global greenhouse gas emissions annually. Climate change is expected to worsen these conditions in the near future. Given these circumstances, it is necessary to accelerate the transition towards the implementation of integrated and holistic fire management approaches aligned with future hazards. In the framework of The HUT project (The Human-Tech Nexus - Building a Safe Haven to cope with Climate Extremes), financed by the Horizon Europe program, the "Ogliastra-DEM8" case study (located in Sardinia, Italy) is aimed at responding to this necessity. In particular, the main objective of The HUT is to mitigate the effects of climate-related events, by integrating and leveraging best practices and successful multi-disciplinary experiences and focusing on the prevention and preparedness phases of the disaster risk management cycle. In this context, the specific aim of the "Ogliastra-DEM8" case study is to provide the scientific/knowledge base needed to help policymakers and decision-makers defining adaptation and mitigation strategies that are effective in reducing fire impacts and associated costs in the short to medium-term under a changing climate. Towards this end, innovative tools (e.g., fire simulators, catastrophe insurance products, nature-based solutions) and stakeholder engagement, including participatory methods, will be developed. This work presents the first phase of the work aimed at evaluating enablers and barriers to multi-hazard/systemic risk reduction by (i) reviewing the literature from other projects based in Sardinia, (ii) mapping and engaging stakeholders during an initial round of workshops, and (iii) debating fire-smart land management and adaptation options. Preliminary results indicate key barriers such as stakeholder conflicts, administrative silos, lack of political will, and funding complexities. All these elements contributed to varying degrees to the lack of a comprehensive approach towards integrated and sustainable management of the entire territory. On the other hand, enablers include stakeholder engagement, evidence of performance and co-benefits, and community awareness. Further work will integrate stakeholder opinions into fire exposure and risk mapping under climate change conditions, with the goal of selecting and co-designing with them which fire-smart land management and adaptation options can be applied and where to protect the most important and vulnerable communities and ecosystems.