Enabling Aerosol-cloud interactions at GLobal convection-permitting scalES (EAGLES)

The role of aerosol and aerosol-cloud interactions (ACI) in the Earth system is a major source of uncertainty in projections of Earths future climate and in interpreting how the climate has evolved in the past. The Enabling Aerosol-cloud interactions at GLobal convection-permitting scalES (EAGLES) project aims to achieve unprecedented realism in predictions of aerosol and ACI in the next-generation Earth system models. The effort includes improving the representation of aerosol and ACI processes with physics-based or data-driven methods, readying the parameterizations for kilometer-scale simulations, and constraining the model using process-oriented diagnostics based on both satellite and in-situ measurements. By combining process models, large-eddy simulations, and observational data from ARM, satellites, and other sources, stubborn model biases associated with resolution and physics have been addressed accordingly. We demonstrate that improved atmospheric simulations can be achieved with better physics, better integration with data, and better software. We also identify new opportunities for improvements.