Modelling of Power System Restoration of a Synchronous Generator-Driven Network

A power system blackout is a high-impact but low-probable event. Power system restoration, after a complete blackout, creates substantial challenges for power system operators. To restore the system within a minimum time, the system operators develop and design the system restoration manuals including standards and guidelines. In order to develop these manuals, modelling and simulation tools are required. This paper discusses how to model and simulate a sequential "bottom-up" power system restoration strategy and develop the "power restoration curve". The restoration curve graphically represents the power exported by the generators over time. It is used to visualize how quickly the black system can be restored. Based on the perspective of the transmission system operator and power plant operator, the modified IEEE 9 bus system was modelled in DIgSILENT Power Factory to model a system restoration. The system focuses on parameters such as black start capability, reactive power capability, frequency, voltage, and load pickup. The power restoration curve has been developed using simulated results. Using these analyses, a sequential strategy is formulated for a safe and efficient power system restoration.