Effect of Span 80 Surfactant in Transformer Oil-Based TiO₂ Nanofluids on the Electrical Properties of Lightning Impulse Voltage

This article aims to investigate the impact of varying quantities of Span 80 surfactant on the mixture of transformer oil and nanoparticles. This article has chosen to use semiconducting titanium dioxide (TiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> ) nanoparticles at a concentration of 0.01 wt.% of the volume of mineral oil. The effects of surfactants at 0%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90%, 100%, and 110 wt.% of the nanoparticle content will be looked at in this study. The endurance of lightning impulse voltage was assessed by conducting tests on the electrical characteristics of both positive and negative poles, in accordance with international standards. The results are also compared with those of traditional transformer oil test results. The test results indicated that transformer oil was blended with TiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> nanoparticles at a concentration of 0.01 wt.% and Span 80 surfactant was added at a quantity equivalent to 90 wt % of the nanoparticle content to assess durability against positive and negative lightning impulse voltages. Moreover, compared to transformer oil mixed with TiO <inf xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</inf> nanoparticles and surfactants in any amount, it has better resistance to lightning impulse voltage, performing better than regular transformer oil.