Development of a novel in vitro model for non-cavitated carious lesion formation reflecting carious lesion activity

Oral biofilms are a critical component in dental caries formation. However, current remineralization studies often overlook the impact of microbial factors. Therefore, a comprehensive clinically relevant assessment of caries is needed. This study aimed to develop a novel in vitro model capable of generating non-cavitated carious lesions that incorporates both mineral loss and microbial activity using quantitative light-induced fluorescence-digital (QLF-D) technology.