An Ultrasound-activated Transdermal Patch for Closed-loop Diabetes Management System

Diabetes management is a multifaceted process that requires frequent monitoring and careful decision-making by the individual. However, due to inherent differences between individuals and concerns about long-term effects and safety, further progress in this field is imperative. In this study, we designed an ultrasound-activated transdermal patch as a component of a closed-loop diabetes management system. The patch is composed of piezoelectric ceramic PZT, insulin/glucose-enriched sodium alginate hydrogel and a protective seal composed of polylactide. By using a non-invasive and automated approach, the patch offers a viable solution for diabetes management. The system requires a patch-like device that is worn on the skin and contains an ultrasound transmitter and insulin/glucose reservoir. When activated, the ultrasound transmitter emits low-frequency sound waves that cause micropores in the skin to promote effective transcutaneous delivery of insulin/glucose into the blood. Activation of the ultrasound transmitter is dependent on the predetermined dose of insulin/glucose, allowing for precise and controlled dosing. This ultrasound-activated transdermal patch provides a discreet and comfortable way to automatically deliver insulin/glucose throughout the day, simulating the physiological function of a healthy pancreas. Subsequent research and clinical evaluation are necessary to determine the effectiveness and safety of this pioneering technology in real-world diabetes management settings.