Tables as a Tool for Solving Logical Problems in Ukrainian and Latvia Schools

The purpose of the article is to get acquainted with various types of logical tasks that can be solved using a tabular method; comparison of solution methods in Ukrainian and Latvian schools, provision of practical recommendations for the use of different methods of designing tables for solving tasks; familiarization with the author's "color method" of designing tables and the "traffic light" method; familiarization with mobile applications that can be used to teach pupils how to solve logical tasks; the need for qualitative study of foreign languages for application in the educational process of mathematics is shown. In the article, using the provisions of the State Standard of Basic Secondary Education of Ukraine as an example, the expediency of teaching pupils to solve logical tasks in mathematics and computer science lessons is proven. Logical tasks that can be solved using a tabular method are given from the Ukrainian computer science textbook, Vseosvita website materials, and Latvian mathematical competitions: "Tasks" ("Uzdevumi"), which is held in schools in Latvia for pupils from the second to the twelfth grades, and the competition "So Much or... How much?" ("Tik vai... Cik?"), which is held in Latvian schools for fourth grades. A comparison of methods of solving logical problems in Ukrainian and Latvian schools is made. Different ways of designing tabular methods of solving logical tasks are shown, namely the use of "rectangular", "r"-shaped and "t"-shaped tables. Different ways of filling in the tables are shown: "+" (yes) and "–" (no), "1" (yes) and "0" (no). The advantages and disadvantages of different ways of designing tables are revealed. The author's method of using colors for solving logical tasks using a tabular method is presented – "color method of solving logical tasks" (using any colors for different parts of the table) and using "traffic light" colors (green color (yes) and red color (no)), which can be applied to tables of any type. Examples of the work of mobile applications for learning how to solve logical tasks using the table method of Cross Logic and Logic Puzzles are given. The necessity of learning English for the use of these mobile applications in the educational process is shown, and the expediency of learning other foreign languages to identify new interesting mathematical tasks and ways of solving them, different from Ukrainian ones, is shown.