Abstract 1076 Nutri-lipidomics, Bioactive lipids and antioxidant potential of major and minor millets seed and oil- a novel approach

Millets are one of the important cereals in the world for consumption. Major and minor millets are most staple food grain in many developing countries in Asia and Africa. But very little information is available on major and minor millets seed and oil in terms of its fatty acid composition, bioactive lipids, nutraceuticals and molecular species of lipids. The aim of this present study is to study the nutri-lipidomics of millets which helps to study the molecular and bioactive lipids in minor and major millets seed and oils. The unending knowledge of lipidomics of millets in nutrition research has been expanded substantially. This novel approach helps to identify the novel bioactive food components in millets, screening of bioactive lipids from various resources in millets and helps to measure the nutrition levels of triglyceride molecular species, phospholipids, sphingolipids and exploring the new classes and metabolites of bioactive lipids in millets. Millet lipids extracted from dry seed weight in the range of 5-9%. Most of the millets consist of 80-85% of neutral lipids, 12-15% phospholipids and 3-5% glycolipids. Majority of the millet neutral lipids are 85% TAG and minimal amounts of MAG, DAG, sterols and free fatty acids. The fatty acid composition of millets is SFA (17-22%) and PUFA (75-85%). The major fatty acid present in these millets seed and oils are omega-6 fatty acids which is linoleic acid (18:2) to an extent of 60-75%, oleic acid in the range of 10-15% and omega-3 fatty acid in the range of 1-3% alpha linolenic acid (18:3). The major TAG molecular species of millet oils are LLL, LLO and LPL. Bioactive lipids of millets contain phospholipids, lysophospholipids, phenolics, carotenoids, tocopherols and tocotrienols which has major health benefits. Among the phospholipids and lysophospholipids, LPC (40-45%) was the major phospholipid in millet seeds and oil. However, the smaller amounts of LPE (20-25%) and PC (20-25%) and minimal amount of PS, PI, PG and PA also present in millets seed and oil. Hence, this novel approach helps to identify various lipids in millets which is mediated for several signaling pathways and may protect against CVD, inflammation, neurodegeneration, cancer and other metabolic diseases.