External charge perturbation and electrostatic turbulence

In this work, an 1D electrostatic hybrid-Particle-in-Cell-Monte-Carlo-Collision (h-PIC-MCC) [13, 14] is used to study the response of a plasma to a moving, external, charged perturbation (debris). We show that the so-called pinned solitons can form only under certain specific conditions through a turbulent regime of the ion-ion counter-streaming electrostatic instability. In fact, the pinned solitons are manifestation of the ion phase-space vortices formed around the debris. The simulation shows that the pinned solitons can form only when the debris velocity exceeds a certain critical velocity pushing the instability to a turbulent regime and can then disappear when debris velocity becomes highly supersonic. We further show the existence of a Kolmogorv-type inverse-cascading scaling for this electrostatic turbulence.