A survey on wireless-communication vulnerabilities of ERTMS in the railway sector

Railways represent a critical infrastructure in modern societies. In the past few years, cyber attacks on these infrastructures have been rising, and there is a need to properly analyze the vulnerabilities of field devices. This work focuses on the wireless communication that is defined in the European Rail Traffic Management System standard and proposes a survey of the vulnerabilities of the main employed protocols. Also, it provides some research lines. This study shows how several issues still exist within wireless communication in the railway sector.