Frequency Stabilization in an Electric Power System under Reorganized Configuration

when the power grid is being reconstructed, it can experience frequency oscillations due to high-capacity and fast-power-using equipment, as well as changes in the load. If the damping is inadequate, it can lead to issues with frequency stability. This study examines automatic generation control signals that can help mitigate the frequency and tie-line power flow variance. The electric system consists of a two-area reheat thermal system under a reorganized configuration with DE-PID and PSO-PID controllers. Each control area has electricity generating and distribution companies. The DISCO participation matrix (DPM) facilitates bilateral contracts. The objective of the study is to minimize the integral time absolute error (ITAE) by adjusting the gain parameters of the controller. The DE-PID and PSO-PID controllers are well-designed and applied to examine the impact of 1% SLP in both areas of the system simultaneously while considering numerous electricity transactions so that dynamic reactions can be analyzed. Moreover, random step load perturbation (RSLP) and parameter variations from their nominal value are taken into consideration to test the proposed controllers' robustness. The simulation outcomes and control system design are conducted using MATLAB R2013a/Simulink.