Engineering Ethics in Engineering Design Courses: A Preliminary Investigation

Abstract Engineering design entails countless decisions. A subset of those decisions involves ethical dimensions. While the answers to those decisions may not be self-evident, practice and education can help improve decision quality of engineers during design processes. This research paper helps answer the question: what topics are engineering students exposed to when they learn about ethics in their design courses? Specifically, in what ways do design and ethics co-occur in engineering design courses? To answer this question, we collected course information from 60 universities and five disciplines. In particular, we looked at the program requirements for the top 60 engineering degree-granting universities. Across each university, we focused on the five most popular engineering programs. According to ASEE By the Numbers, in 2018 these disciplines were: chemical, civil, electrical, mechanical engineering, and computer science. For each program at each university (where applicable, since some universities did not have a degree program in one of these disciplines), we collected information about any course that mentioned ethics (or a lexical derivative) in either its title or course description. Examples include courses called “Introduction to Engineering Ethics” or “Professional Seminar” that mentioned ethics in its course description. For this paper, we looked at the subset of courses that also mentioned design in either the title or description. In total, this comprised a subset of 145 courses. From this collection of courses, we analyzed the course description text with several methods as a coarse, high-level overview of the language used to describe the intersection of ethics and design. The first technique involved forming text networks of co-occurring words and phrases. Next, we identified text network communities to capture persistent themes or topics. The second technique involved topic modeling as an alternative method to identify topics in contrast with the text networks. The third technique involved clustering based on description similarity in order to identify similar kinds of courses. From our results, several lessons emerged. First, not unexpectedly, engineering ethics appears differently in design courses conditional on the specific discipline. Second, almost regardless of discipline, issues of professionalism - what it means to be a member of a profession - also appear with these same issues. Third, these design courses tend to include not only design but also an array of other topics that traditionally fall under the umbrella of “professional skills” such as communication and teamwork. Future work based on these results can take this high-level evidence from course descriptions and look for more systematic variation within engineering design courses to provide more fine-grained details about observed intersections of engineering design and ethics in engineering classrooms.