Integration of Land Use Potential in Energy System Optimization Models at Regional Scale: The Pantelleria Island Case Study

In the context of the energy transition, the integration of land use considerations into energy planning can provide significant improvements. In energy system optimization models (ESOMs), land use aspects can be integrated at the cost of a finer spatial resolution and a more detailed characterization of land, tailored to regional constraints and specificities. Additionally, an assessment of trade-offs with alternative land uses is necessary. Nevertheless, they are commonly neglected. This study addresses the challenge of incorporating land use aspects into ESOMs, with a focus on the unique context of Pantelleria Island. It aims to bridge the gap in methodologies for renewable energy potential assessment and model integration, considering the critical role of land pricing and availability. It combines geospatial data aggregation with model adaptation to include detailed land use aspects. The findings highlight the substantial impact of land costs on renewable energy planning, with land pricing significantly altering model outcomes. This research offers key insights for sustainable energy planning and underscores the importance of considering land use in energy transition strategies.