Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Gujarati Version of the Knee Outcome Survey - Activities of Daily Living Scale

Background: Knee joint disorders limit functions and reduce quality of life. The Knee Outcome Survey-Activities of Daily Living Scale (KOS-ADLS) is a knee-specific, patient-reported scale that assesses symptoms and functional limitations in activities of daily living experienced due to knee disorders. The original English version of the KOS-ADLS has been shown to be reliable and culturally adapted. The aim of this study was to translate the original version of the KOS-ADLS questionnaire into Gujarati and to validate this Gujarati version of the questionnaire. Methodology: Translation was done of knee outcome survey as per the WHO guidelines using the forward-backward method. Gujarati translation was done by Gujarati translator. An expert panel of 6 professionals determined the face validity. Changes were made according to suggestions to get version KOS-ADLS-1. Backward translation was done by a translator. A pilot study was conducted to determine fluency, ease and understanding. Suggestions were added and version KOS-ADL-2 was made. This version was administered to 20 participants to find out inter-rater reliability, intra-rater reliability, and Cronbach’s alpha. Result: There is a strong positive correlation between Gujarati version and KOS-ADLS with interclass reliability (ICC=0.971), and intra-rater reliability of (ICC=0.99) and the Cronbach’s alpha value for test-retest reliability analysis was 0.92. Conclusion: The Gujarati version of KOS-ADLS was found to be a reliable and valid outcome measure for assessing daily living activities in patients who suffer from knee pathological conditions.