This article is about Pi Formulas, infinite series of fractions which sum to multiples of Pi. Each such one can be associated with a unique set Sₖ of rough numbers, where k is a prime number. Given Sₖ for any prime k, the set S_k^, where k^ is the smallest prime greater than k, can be constructed easily. From this it follows that Pi Formulas occur in disjoint families. In any family, there is a first member, a series of least prime number kₘᵢₙ, which must be summed from first principles. Then from the series of some k > kₘᵢₙ already summed, the series for k^ can be summed by a simple algebraic procedure. A good number of Pi Formulas, belonging to a variety of families and giving results believed to be new, are presented here.
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Alan Macfarlane (2024) studied this question.
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