Enhancing Energy Efficiency in CF mMIMO Systems Using Hybrid Transmit Power Control and Optimal Power Allocation Algorithms

As real-time access and high-capacity requirements in wireless communication networks increase rapidly, solutions must balance the complex relationship between Spectral Efficiency (SE), and Energy Efficiency (EE) metrics. The proposed approach emphasizes the importance of combining Transmit Power Control (TPC), and Optimal Power Allocation (OPA) methods to achieve optimal results. The basic premise is that the hybrid algorithm will boost EE while retaining an acceptable level of SE. The CF mMIMO technology is first tested in a controlled setting without TPC and OPA. A hybrid algorithm combining TPC (Max-min EE) and OPA (Sum SE maximization) is then created, and EE and SE are optimized in the hybrid algorithm. The mixed technique is found to outperform the individual TPC and OPA algorithms. With an unparalleled 33,263,040.4068 bits/Joule, the hybrid algorithm boosts average EE. The hybrid algorithm also exceeds the targeted SE of 21 bits/s/Hz, demonstrating its capacity to balance EE and SE. This study advances the theory of CF mMIMO systems and offers practical insight into energy-efficient wireless communication. Future research and development for sustainable and high-performing wireless networks can build on these insights.