Assessing Legal and Economic Dependence in Acknowledging Relationships as Employment by Courts

The signs of labor relations, formulated by the Soviet science of labor law, have undergone a certain rethinking in modern conditions. This is due not only to economic and political transformations in Russia. European legal science and judicial practice are also characterized by a transformation of ideas about the criteria of labor relations: significant importance is beginning to be attached not so much to the legal, but to the economic dependence of the performer on the customer of the work. These features are enshrined in the International Labour Organization recommendation “Employment Relationship Recommendation” (2006), clarified by the International Labour Office (2014), and are also reflected in national legislation, including Russian. The article makes an attempt to analyze judicial practice taking into account these trends.