A retrospective comparison of Sun’s tip-flexible semirigid ureterorenoscopy, super-mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy and flexible ureteroscopy applied to treat upper urinary tract calculi

This retrospective study was conducted to compare the safety and efficacy of Sun's tip-flexible semirigid ureterorenoscopy (tf-URS), super-mini percutaneous nephrolithotomy (SMP) and flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) in treating upper urinary tract calculi, including upper ureteral or renal calculi.