There is a visible and sensible need to upgrade paper mills worldwide that operate with direct current drive systems. The paper mills must evaluate several aspects before committing to a solution. For example, the total cost of the upgrade, including civil work, hardware, software, cabling, and labor, and the downtime of the paper mill which is one of the highest costs when an upgrade is suggested. This paper intends to explain the common approaches to revamping legacy direct current drive systems of paper mills. This paper will explore an alternative solution implemented in a paper mill, using an alternating current variable frequency drive with pulse width modulation control to run a direct current motor.
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Rivera et al. (2024) studied this question.
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