Historical MCL (medial collateral ligament) reconstruction (MCLR) techniques have focused on the superficial MCL (sMCL) to restore valgus stability while frequently ignoring the importance of the deep MCL (dMCL) in controlling tibial external rotation. The recent recognition of the medial ligament complex importance has multiple studies revisiting medial anatomy and questioning contemporary MCLR techniques.
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Borque et al. (2024) studied this question.
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