Investigating the Impact of Peptide-Based Vaccines on Various Types of Cancer: A Systematic Review

This review analyzed 12 studies to evaluate the safety, immunogenicity, and therapeutic efficacy of peptide-based cancer vaccines across various tumor types, including breast, gynecological, head and neck, and gastrointestinal cancers. The included studies involved a total of 520 patients and preclinical models. The findings indicated that peptide vaccines are generally safe, with no serious adverse events reported in clinical trials, and demonstrated robust immunogenicity, eliciting specific T-cell responses in up to 85.7% of patients. Importantly, the durability of T-cell responses varied across studies, with some demonstrating sustained immune memory that could enhance long-term protection against tumor recurrence.