A Conceptual Review of Hypothyroidism Based on Ayurveda and Contemporary Insights

Hypothyroidism is one of the commonly encountered endocrine and metabolic disorders in the present generation, attributed to lifestyle changes, improper nutrition, and increased stress. The primary line of management involves supplementation with Levothyroxine. However, long-term use of Levothyroxine may be associated with side effects, and often fails to achieve complete resolution of symptoms despite normalization of serum TSH levels. Furthermore, in individuals with serum TSH levels between 6-10 mU/L but without clinical signs and symptoms, treatment remains optional. However, there is a potential risk of progression to overt Hypothyroidism. In Ayurveda, no specific description is mentioned which depicts Hypothyroidism. It can be reviewed under the principles of ‘Anukta Vyadhi’. The attempt is made to understand the Samprapti (pathogenesis) of Hypothyroidism through Ayurveda and with a concise review on treatment which can be beneficial to manage and prevent the progression to Overt Hypothyroidism.