The Use of Technology, Digital Tools, and Artificial Intelligence in Academic Writing in Additional Languages: A Review of Empirical Studies from 2014 to 2023

There has been a growing interest in the application of technology, digital tools, and artificial intelligence in academic writing since the early 2000s. The use of artificial intelligence has been studied in journal articles published in recent years. This chapter synthesises and evaluates the development of technology, digital tools, and artificial intelligence in the field of academic writing for the past decade by reviewing 42 empirical studies. We conducted keyword searches using the EBSCOhost database with the following combination of keywords: “academic writing”, “additional language OR second language”, “technolog* OR digital tool* OR AI” to select journal articles and conference proceedings published between 2014 and 2023. We focused on 42 empirical studies to answer the following questions: (1) What types of technology, digital tools, and artificial intelligence have been used for academic writing in English as an additional language for teachers and students? and (2) What are the applications of technology, digital tools, and AI and their outcomes for teachers and students of academic writing? Based on the review of the published studies and conference proceedings, a set of suggestions for enhancing academic writing for teachers and students in additional languages and future research directions was presented.