Geoepidemiologia Da Sífilis Gestacional Em Altamira-Pa Face a Construção Da Usina Hidrelétrica De Belo Monte

Objective: To characterize the spatial epidemiology of syphilis in pregnant women and assess the influence of the construction of the Belo Monte Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP) over a 12-year period in the municipality of Altamira, Pará State, Brazil. Method: This is a descriptive, exploratory, ecological, and retrospective observational study with spatial analysis of gestational syphilis cases from 2008 to 2019. Data were obtained from the Health Information System (SIS) and the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), based on reports of gestational syphilis provided by the Pará State Health Department. The data were organized in spreadsheets for analysis. Results: A total of 436 cases of gestational syphilis were reported in Altamira between 2008 and 2019, with 91.97% occurring in urban areas. An upward trend in the number of notifications was observed beginning in 2010, with continuous increases in subsequent years. Conclusion: The study provides a systematic reflection on the impact of the Belo Monte HPP on the spatial distribution of gestational syphilis cases. The project has brought notable geospatial, social, cultural, and public health changes to the Xingu region.