The concept and purpose of estoppel in the Russian legal system

The article analyzes the essence and functions of such a legal principle in the Russian civil law system as estoppel. The work reveals the aspects of its legal nature and law enforcement in the absence of legal consolidation. Particular attention is paid to the problematic aspects of the practical use of this institution in substantive and procedural relations. Doctrinal approaches are discussed, as well as examples of the principle application in judicial practice, including arbitration cases. The need for normative consolidation of estoppel as a universal principle aimed at ensuring the stability and good faith of civil circulation is substantiated.