Simulation framework shows increased evacuation time and reduced throughput for crowds with disabilities, suggesting improvements in design and planning.
Key Points
The presence of disabled individuals significantly increased total evacuation time by about 50%, impacting safety and efficiency.
Results indicated a 40% reduction in peak evacuation throughput due to crowd dynamics such as falls and congestion.
Localized congestion zones were identified, highlighting critical vulnerabilities that necessitate inclusive evacuation strategies.
The model supports future enhancements in performance-based design for dynamic environments and evacuation planning.