This study demonstrates esterification reducing viscosity and density in castor oil, highlighting applications for biodegradable insulating fluids.
This study investigates the synthesis of ester oil from castor oil via a two-step esterification process using SnCl 2 /Zeolite Y as a catalyst. Catalyst characterization through SEM-EDX and XRD confirmed the retention of Zeolite Y's porous structure and the successful incorporation of SnCl 2 , enhancing catalytic performance. The SnCl 2 /Zeolite Y catalyst facilitated esterification, achieving a significant reduction in viscosity from 163.912 cSt to 14.2696 cSt for DEG-based esters and from 167.373 cSt to 16.4987 cSt for TMP-based esters. Density varied from 0.9350 g/cm³ to 1.016 g/cm³, where diethylene glycol (DEG) produced ester oils with lower densities than trimethylolpropane (TMP). TMP-based esters exhibited higher viscosity and stability, while DEG-based esters offered improved fluidity. The synthesized ester oils maintained zero conductivity, confirming their potential as biodegradable insulating fluids for electrical applications.
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Widayat et al. (2025) studied this question.
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