Renal Biopsy Insights Into the Spectrum of Glomerular Lesions in Diabetic Nephropathy

Background- Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease worldwide. While clinical and biochemical parameters aid diagnosis, Renal biopsy remains the gold standard for identifying specic glomerular lesions and assessing disease severity. To evaluate the spectrum of glomerular lesions in patients with Diabetic Nephropathy usi Objectives : Material & ng Renal biopsy. Methods- A retrospective study was conducted at Karnataka Medical College & Research Institute (KMC&RI), Hubballi from Jan 2023 to Jan 2025 for a period of two years. A total of 64 cases were included. Biopsy specimens were examined by Light microscopy. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS version 16 and the data was analyzed and tabulated. Among 64 Renal biopsies analyze Results- d, the most frequent lesion was Diabetic Nephropathy (DN), with Class 4 DN in 22 cases (34.4%), Class 3 DN in 6 cases (9.4%), and Classes 2A and 2B DN in 1 case each (1.6%). Non-diabetic Renal Diseases (NDRD) included AIN/ATIN in 7 cases (10.9%), ATI/ATN in 6 cases (9.4%), MPGN in 4 cases (6.2%), IgA Nephropathy in 3 cases ( 4.7%), Hypertension 4 in cases ( 6.2%) and other lesions such as CTIN, MCD, FSGS, IRGN, and Pyelonephritis in smaller proportions. Renal biopsy provides valuable insights into the histopathological spectrum of Glomerul Conclusion- ar lesions in Diabetic Nephropathy. Recognition of characteristic and coexisting lesions aid in accurate diagnosis, prognostication, and guiding patient management.