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October 13, 2025GRAPHOSPHAERA Writing and Written Practices0 citations

On Novgorod Birchbark Documents no. 1 and 22

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MSMikhail A. Sokolov

Key Points

  • Document no. 1 includes a register of income and tax details, contributing to historical records.
  • New conjectures address disputed text fragments in both documents, enhancing their historical significance.
  • Research reveals specific tax structures in document no. 1, showcasing localized economic practices.
  • In-depth reconstruction efforts clarify conflicts within the texts, aiding future translations and studies.

Abstract

The article is dedicated to the study of two Novgorod birchbark documents from the turn of the 15th century — no. 1 and 22. Both documents were discovered in close proximity to each other (on Property A of the Nerev Excavation and the adjacent section of the street) and, as later analysis revealed, are written in the same hand. Document no. 1 is a register of in-comes from several villages, while no. 22 is a fragment of a čelobitnaja (petition). The disput-ed parts of the texts are discussed, and new conjectures are proposed for a number of lacu-nae. It was also discovered that one of the taxes (даръ) in document no. 1 had a fixed rate of 20 bely. The most significant amendments to document no. 1 are: (1) a more complete recon-struction of the first phrase of the document; (2) the localization of the landholding based on the conjecture а с (пе)руньского села; (3) the refinement of two reconstructions (lines 2 and 10) on the basis of the discovered regularities in the text structure and the amount of taxes. For document no. 22, the following aspects are discussed: (1) the interpretation of the disputed form öсподину; (2) the reconstruction of the first line of the inner side of the birch-bark; (3) he reading of the last preserved line.

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Cite This Study

Mikhail A. Sokolov (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68ec51e642911f61ef8b25ddhttps://doi.org/10.32608/2782-5272-2025-5-1-21-37
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