Historical analysis uncovers doubts about a battle described by Arrian against the Alans, suggesting possible embellishment.
Lucius Flavius Arrianus (Arrian) is considered by most contemporary scholars to be the first Roman general to engage in combat with the Alans, in 135 A.D. at an unspecified location near the Armenian frontier. In his Ektaxis kata Alanon (Order of Battle against the Alans), Arrian details the strategies and preparations leading up to this supposed confrontation, yet any description of the actual battle itself is notably absent. This raises doubts about whether it actually took place. Rather, Arrian may have embellished the alleged threat from the Alans in order to further his own military career aspirations.
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Fatima Foltz (2025) studied this question.
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