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This paper refines Sendov's conjecture about roots in polynomials, suggesting new constants for distances to derivatives.
A conjecture of Sendov states that if a polynomial has all its roots in the unit disk and if $β$ is one of those roots, then within one unit of $β$ lies a root of the polynomial's derivative. If we define $r(β)$ to be the greatest possible distance between $β$ and the closest root of the derivative, then Sendov's conjecture claims that r(β) ≤ 1. In this paper, we conjecture that there is a constant $c>0$ so that r(β) ≤ 1-cβ(1-β) for all β∈ [0,1]. We find such constants for complex polynomials of degree $2$ and $3$, for real polynomials of degree $4$, for all polynomials whose roots lie on a line, for all polynomials with exactly one distinct critical point, and when $β$ is sufficiently close to $1$. In addition, we show that experimental data suggests that c≈0.233.
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Michael J. Miller (2025) studied this question.
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