Formation of investment capital of enterprises: newchallenges and approaches

The necessity of forming investment capital by enterprises to ensure stable functioning and development is substantiated. The importance of utilizing various sources by enterprise management during the formation of investment capital is emphasized. It is noted that the formation of investment capital in modern conditions faces numerous new challenges caused by both global economic trends and the specific characteristics of national economic development. Attention is drawn to the need for enterprises to adapt to challenges such as rising debt capital costs, increasing macroeconomic instability, digitalization and technological transformations, the growing role of venture and private capital, financial restrictions and regulatory risks, and high competition for investment resources. To adapt and achieve sustainable growth under these conditions, enterprise management must implement innovative approaches to forming investment capital, including crowdfunding and crowdinvesting, attracting investment funds and obtaining grants, utilizing financial technologies, corporate financial instruments, digital assets, and blockchain technologies, integrating public-private partnerships, and conducting investment analysis using artificial intelligence and Big Data.