Biomass energy has attracted considerable attention as a renewable and clean energy source that can be stored and transported effectively. A critical component in this context is the fluidized bed, which plays a vital role in biomass energy utilization. An in-depth understanding of the flow characteristics of non-spherical biomass particles within the fluidized bed is essential for improving energy efficiency. This study utilizes a combination of numerical simulations and experimental analysis to explore the flow patterns of biomass particles under eight distinct drag correlations. The investigation covers various flow regimes in the fluidized bed, concentrating on critical parameters such as flow evolution, gas-phase pressure distribution, particle phase velocity vectors, bed pressure drop, particle mixing characteristics, bed expansion height, and the energy-dynamic behavior of the particles. The results indicate that the Ergun resistance model closely matches the experimental data, particularly regarding the flow evolution of the particles. This model shows a more uniform mixing of the particles and greater stability in the magnitude and frequency of pressure fluctuations at the bed surface. This stability is reflected in the average pressure drop, highlighting the enhanced performance of the fluidized bed. Overall, this research sheds light on the intricate dynamics of non-spherical biomass particles in fluidized beds and provides valuable insights for optimizing particle design. By focusing on design enhancements, it is possible to achieve higher combustion efficiency, supporting the broader objective of sustainable energy utilization. In summary, this study emphasizes the significance of precise modeling and understanding of flow characteristics in the fluidized bed, which is crucial for advancing biomass energy technologies.
Han et al. (2025) studied this question.