The analysis shows increased scale factor and explores baryogenesis, implying insights into Hubble tension.
The positive effects of [Formula: see text] gravity are highlighted in this study which examines its dynamics within the setting of Holographic Ricci Dark Energy, particularly when analyzing the universe’s evolution in conjunction with holographic Ricci dark energy. The analysis shows an increase in the scale factor as the universe evolves in this scenario. Additionally, baryogenesis is explored, with the study suggesting that, it is possible that the model will either satisfy the generalized second law of thermodynamics in the far future or that the number densities of baryons and antibaryons will be symmetric. With Barrow entropy, the model satisfies the generalized second law of thermodynamics, predicts equal baryonantibaryon numbers in the far future, and meets the Sakharov conditions. The research also highlights the Hubble tension, pointing out discrepancies in the measurements of the Hubble constant and deriving constraints that could help to address this issue. Under constraint, the universe is attaining de-Sitter stage in its late time. Furthermore, the thermal stability of the model can be discussed.
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Chakraborty et al. (2025) studied this question.
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