The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed critical vulnerabilities in urban areas, prompting a re-evaluation of urban planning paradigms. This paper explores some of the challenges of planning in times of crisis, focusing on two dominant theoretical approaches: neoliberalism and communicative and collaborative planning. Neoliberal urbanism, with its emphasis on market-driven solutions and decentralized governance, has often exacerbated socio-economic inequalities and eroded democratic participation. In contrast, communicative-collaborative planning offers a more inclusive and participatory approach, emphasizing dialogue, consensus-building, and community engagement. This paper posits that a transition toward communicative planning is essential for fostering transparency, citizen engagement, and sustainable urban governance. The paper highlights key mechanisms for achieving this shift, including participatory decision-making, power decentralization, and institutional accountability. The adoption of a democratic and participatory approach by urban planners is therefore pivotal in ensuring the creation of a more just and sustainable future for all.
Jorge Afonso (2025) studied this question.