This analysis reveals trivial solutions for n=5 and n=7 in the generalized Fermat equation, suggesting wider implications.
Let n ∈ Z≥ 2. We study the generalized Fermat equation \[x¹³+y¹³=z^n, x,y,z ∈ Z, (x,y,z)=1.\] Using a combination of techniques, including the modular method, classical descent, unit sieves, and Chabauty and Mordell--Weil sieve methods over number fields, we show that for $n=5$ all its solutions $(a,b,c)$ are trivial, i.e. satisfy $abc=0$. Under the assumption of GRH, we also show that for $n=7$ there are only trivial solutions. Furthermore, we provide partial results towards solving the equation for general n ∈ Z≥ 2, in particular that any solution $(a,b,c)$ with 13 c is trivial.
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Best et al. (2025) studied this question.
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