An Overview of the Misconceptions and Confusions Surrounding Chemical Bonding

Misconceptions, whether they occur before or after formal instruction, have become a significant issue in science education research. These misconceptions affect how students grasp new scientific concepts, play a crucial role in their future learning, and can obstruct the acquisition of accurate knowledge. This paper explores and discusses students' misconceptions about chemical bonding, as reported in previous studies. A comprehensive literature review on chemical bonding was conducted, and the findings were presented in a historical context. Based on the results, the paper offers recommendations for teaching strategies.