Trial reveals that combining fludioxonil and cyclobutrifluram reduces fungicide resistance in Fusarium fujikuroi, suggesting effective pest management strategies.
Cyclobutrifluram and fludioxonil are commonly used fungicides for controlling rice bakanae disease caused by Fusarium fujikuroi. This study evaluated their combined effect on fungicide resistance development in F. fujikuroi. Cyclobutrifluram-resistant (CycR) and fludioxonil-resistant (FluR) mutants emerged within 10–30 days under single fungicide exposure, whereas populations exposed to the mixture showed little sensitivity change. CycSFluR and dual resistant CycRFluR mutants appeared after 64 and 151 days of mixture treatment, demonstrating the combination delays resistance. FluR, CycSFluR, and CycRFluR mutants possessed comparable or impaired fitness compared to parental isolates. Known cyclobutrifluram resistance-conferring mutations FfSdhB-H248Y/D and FfSdhC2-A83 V were found in CycR mutants. Six distinct FfOs1 variations─T454A, N840 K, 757IVN insertion, N760I, Y1114 V (frameshifts), and 864stop─were identified in resistant mutants; transformation assays confirmed all conferred fludioxonil resistance. Notably, FfSdhC2-A83 V and FfOs1-T454, as well as FfSdhB-H248Y and the insertion of FfOs1-757IVN, could confer dual resistance to cyclobutrifluram and fludioxonil in F. fujikuroi.
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