Implications of the Reduction of Patch Length in Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna Design

This paper investigates the implications of the reduction of patch length in Rectangular Microstrip Patch Antenna (RMPA) design. In order to determine the implications of the patch length reduction, two (2) rectangular microstrip patch antennae which were designed, modelled and simulated using the same procedures, the same software, the same feeding method, the same materials and the same dimensions of all the antenna parameters, with the exception of the length of the patch, were analysed. One of the antennae was adopted while the other was a newly designed antenna whose patch length was reduced by about 2% when compared with the length of the adopted antenna. The two (2) antennae were designed at 3.5 GHz resonant frequency and simulated using CST Microwave Studio Suite 2019 for 5G applications. Transmission line method was used as the feeding method of the antennae. Based on the results, it was found that the reduction in dimension of the patch length significantly affects the performance of the RMPA negatively. This implies that increment of the dimension of the patch length to certain level, enhances the performance of the RMPA.