How Cross-Departmental Collaboration Structures Mitigate Cross-Border Compliance Risks: Network Causal Inference Based on ManpowerGroup's Staffing Projects

Using 28 multinational staffing projects from 2018–2022, we constructed project communication networks and employed network statistics (density, betweenness centrality, modularity) alongside ERGM/QAP regression to analyze the relationship between structural characteristics and compliance risks. We conducted IV-2SLS causal identification using destination policy windows and visa quota fluctuations as instrumental variables, and modeled the mediating effect of "collaboration → process adherence → risk reduction" via PLS-SEM. Results: After introducing structured risk workshops and visual dashboards, HR compliance incidents decreased by 41%. Each +0.1 increase in network density corresponded to a 6.2% reduction in violation rates. Collaboration's total effect on risk included a 38% mediation proportion via process adherence.