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October 20, 20250 citationsOpen Access

Modular curves of prime-power level with infinitely many quadratic points

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MCMichael CerchiaRRakvi

Key Points

  • Determined 1085 open subgroups of GL_2 that lead to modular curves with infinite quadratic points.
  • When g(X_H) ≥ 2, all hyperelliptic modular curves correspond to these prime-power level subgroups.
  • Found that these subgroups allow for infinitely many elliptic curves over quadratic extensions.
  • Identified conditions such as -I in H and determinant equal to the unit group for subgroup inclusion.

Abstract

We completely determine the 1085 open subgroups H of GL₂ (Z) of prime-power level that satisfy -I H and det (H) =Z^ for which the corresponding modular curve XH has infinitely many quadratic points. When g (XH) 2 this is equivalent to determining all the hyperelliptic modular curves of prime-power level and all the bielliptic modular curves of prime-power level that admit a degree two map to a positive rank elliptic curve. From the moduli perspective, this means that there are exactly 1085 subgroups H of GL₂ (Z) of prime-power level for which there are infinitely many elliptic curves E/K over quadratic extensions such that ρE (Gₖ) is conjugate to a subgroup of H.

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Cite This Study

Cerchia et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/68f6196ee0bbbc94fac3646fhttps://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2509.22895
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