Human rights, social vulnerability and personality in people with high abilities in Spain

This research aimed to analyze personality traits and social vulnerability in adults with high abilities in Spain and to reflect on these variables from a human rights perspective. The study included 231 participants with high abilities residing in Spain. Data collection instruments comprised a questionnaire requesting characterization information and situations of social vulnerability, along with the Brief Personality Questionnaire, both administered via Google Forms and analyzed quantitatively. Results indicated that 139 participants (60.17%) had experienced vulnerability situations, most involving some form of violence. Regarding personality, gender-based analysis revealed statistically significant differences, with a higher incidence of vulnerability situations among women with high abilities compared to men. Furthermore, experiencing vulnerability situations had implications for personality, with statistically significant differences in the neuroticism dimension, which was more pronounced in individuals who had experienced vulnerability situations. The relationship between vulnerability and the neuroticism personality trait is discussed, emphasizing the need to guarantee economic, social, and cultural rights to achieve full development as a human right.