Psychological Problems of the Unborn Child: Perinatal Psychology in Obstetrics

Objective. The purpose of the study is to highlight the features of the influence of the mental state of a pregnant woman on the development of the child, analyse adaptive behaviour, the style of experiencing pregnancy, and the conditions for selecting psycho-correctional techniques that contribute to mastering the maternal role and awareness of responsibility for the child's health, and the formation of an emotional connection with the baby.Conclusions. We concluded that modern perinatal psychology can be defined as a field of research that studies the development of the child and its relationship with parents (primarily the mother) in the period from the preparation of parents for fertilisation to the completion of the process of separation of the child from the mother. A special position towards oneself and one's child plays an important role in the formation of motherhood. Different scenarios of adaptive behaviour of women are highlighted: adequate, euphoric, anxious style, ignoring, ambivalent, rejecting styles. It is indicated that during martial law, the need to select and use psycho-correctional techniques for pregnant women and women in labour is of particular importance. The author provides examples of psycho-correctional programmes for women expecting a child, which are divided into three groups: for the development of creativity and creativity; for reducing psycho-emotional stress, achieving deep relaxation, which has a beneficial effect on the process of childbirth, breathing exercises (body-oriented approach); methods of natural childbirth (according to G. Dick-Reed). The author concludes that women have the right to receive information and access to safe, effective, affordable and acceptable family planning methods of their choice, and the right to appropriate health care services that allow women to go through pregnancy and childbirth safely.