The role of pathobiochemical disorders in predicting the development of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in patients after hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia

Background. Today, there are more than 46 million patients suffering from dementia in the world. According to expert forecasts, this figure will increase. Dementia ranks seventh among the leading causes of death in the world and is one of the main causes of disability and dependence on external help in the elderly. The economic costs of dementia are 1.3 trillion USD annually, of which approximately 50 % are due to informal care for patients. The aim of our study was to analyze the role of oxidative disorders and inflammation in the development of early postoperative cognitive dysfunction (EPCD) in patients after hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia. Materials and methods. The number of patients included in the study was 85. All of them were treated at the trauma department of the Vinnytsia City Clinical Emergency Hospital. Blood sampling for determination of malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl groups and IL-6 content was performed one day before surgery and three days after hip arthroplasty. The Mini-Mental State Examination was used as one of the main assessment scales in EPCD. Statistical data processing was performed using Microsoft Excel spreadsheets and the statistical information processing package SPSS 23.0. Results. The correlation analysis showed an association between the development of EPCD after hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia and hyperactivation of free radical oxidation, excessive activation of the process of oxidative protein degradation and inflammation. Conclusions. Increased serum levels of malondialdehyde, protein carbonyl groups and pro-inflammatory interleukin IL-6 are evidence of the involvement of oxidative stress and inflammation in the development of early cognitive dysfunction in individuals after hip arthroplasty under spinal anesthesia.