Behaviour Change Considerations to Promote Physical Activity Participation among Individuals with Quiescent Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Barriers and Facilitators

Background: Most individuals with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) do not engage in optimum levels of physical activity (PA). This study aimed to identify important factors to consider when promoting PA participation among individuals with quiescent or mildly active IBD. Methods: In this qualitative description study, we purposively enrolled 15 Manitobans with quiescent IBD. Data was collected via semi-structured interviews conducted on Zoom. Using the Capability, Opportunity, Motivation, and Behaviour (COM-B) model, we elicited factors that influence PA behaviour. We performed thematic analysis of transcribed interviews using NVivo. Results: Participants’ (N = 15) ages ranged between 20 and 37 years, majority were female (n = 8), and most had a diagnosis of ulcerative colitis (UC) (n = 10). None was a current smoker. Thematic analysis identified persistent symptoms, PA engagement prior to IBD diagnosis, PA routine, coping strategies and determination as themes that influenced ‘capability’ for PA participation. Social support, type of employment, bathroom access, and finances influenced ‘opportunity’. Awareness of the benefits of PA on IBD, relevant knowledge, social support, and personal goals promoted ‘motivation’ for PA participation. Sex differences were noted in participants’ perspectives related to safety concerns and the social context of workout spaces. Conclusion: Using the COM-B model, we elicited barriers (including IBD-related persistent symptoms, lack of knowledge of PA) and facilitators (social support, coping strategies, ability to track PA progress) that influence PA behaviour among adults with quiescent IBD. These factors are important considerations when promoting PA participation among individuals with IBD.